Why Startups Fail (Hint: It’s not because of money)
It is commonly believed that startups fail when they run out of money. People wonder, "How much runway do you have?" as if that will determine if and when you will succeed.
In fact, startups fail and succeed for every other issue besides money in the bank; and money in the bank is merely a byproduct of success or failure.
As I wrote about in my BricaBox postmortem, we failed because we failed to gain traction. We failed to gain traction because we didn't have the right product and, even if we did, we didn't execute well enough against the vision of that product. All of those factors, and factors of those factors, are the reasons we didn't have money in the bank at the end of the day.
In fact, the presence of too much money can also be a reason for downfall. Go read one of the best postmortems I've ever read, where Roger Ehrenberg's chronicles the downfall of Monitor110. In the post, Roger lists 7 reasons the company failed:
- The lack of a single, "the buck stops here" leader until too late in the game
- No separation between the technology organization and the product organization
- Too much PR, too early
- Too much money
- Not close enough to the customer
- Slow to adapt to market reality
- Disagreement on strategy both within the Company and with the Board
Nowhere does Roger say "We ran out of money." Instead, and aside from several other errors and issues, they had too much, which caused them to spend the money improperly. As I talked about in my own postmortem, how you spend money can be a huge source of problems for the company (my error was in spending the little money we had over too long a period of time, instead of going further in a shorter period of time). But again, not the lack of it.
Meanwhile, take success stories. I love the story of Blogger, where Ev Williams and team were dangerously close to running out money before Google bought them. Here was a company which started up with one vision and then had to make big cuts and even bigger product changes before they got traction. But they stayed afloat because they saved enough and moved quickly enough -- and most importantly, learned enough from their first iteration -- to come out with Blogspot and gain the massive traction which resulted in Google buying the company. (To hear more, listen to Greg Galant's excellent interview of Ev on Venture Voice).
For me, the moral of the story is that it's almost never about money. If you're doing great things, you'll find a way to stay alive. If you're not doing well -- which is totally okay, by the way -- your company won't be around much longer and you'll have the opportunity to move on to new ventures. There are exceptions to this (massive, money-draining externalities like lawsuits come to mind), but from everything I've experienced and observed in the startup world, you're best thinking less about money in the bank and more about what to do or not do to make sure your company deserves to have more of it tomorrow.
10 Smartest Things Said About the Financial Crisis
Disclosure: I do not agree with *everything* quoted here. Nonetheless, I've found these quotes insightful and indicative of how we got into this mess and how we'll get out of it. Please add your favorite quotes in the comments section below:
Buy American. I am.
Scott Rafer, as told by Aaron Cohen:
"MacroEconomics are fiction," claimed Scott three times during our conversation. He’s admirably cogent and intentionally hyperbolic in his arguments. His point, and I agree, is that the startup community — investors and entrepreneurs — are spending too much time worrying about the recession, global finanical challenges, and domestic financial policy. We both feel that entrepreneurs should focus on their energies on the economics of their particularly companies.
Chris Sacca, via Twitter:
Anyone vociferously advocating for the US auto bailout clearly hasn't rented this 2009 Dodge with no power windows or locks.
Another advantage of bad times is that there's less competition. Technology trains leave the station at regular intervals. If everyone else is cowering in a corner, you may have a whole car to yourself.
It is unacceptable that the United States ranks 15th in the world in broadband adoption. Here in the country that invented the Internet, every child should have the chance to get online and they'll get that chance when I'm President -- because that’s how we’ll strengthen America’s competitiveness in the world.
Graham and Dodd, as oft quoted:
Be fearful when others are greedy, and greedy when others are fearful.
So expect to see a fair number of people taking the entrepreneurial plunge. Traditionally, factories have avoided working with entrepreneurs, because entrepreneurs place smaller orders and their growth is anything but certain. However, in this environment, order-starved factories will be more willing to work with entrepreneurs.
The most concrete thing that neuroscience tells us is that when the fear system of the brain is active, exploratory activity and risk-taking are turned off. The first order of business, then, is to neutralize that system.
This means not being a fearmonger. It means avoiding people who are overly pessimistic about the economy. It means tuning out media that fan emotional flames. Unless you are a day-trader, it means closing the Web page with the market ticker. It does mean being prepared, but not being a hypervigilant, everyone-in-the-bunker type." (Via Chris McAleen)
The shareholders who financed the risks had no real understanding of what the risk takers were doing, and as the risk-taking grew ever more complex, their understanding diminished. The moment Salomon Brothers demonstrated the potential gains to be had by the investment bank as public corporation, the psychological foundations of Wall Street shifted from trust to blind faith. (Via Heekyung Kim)
The SOC [Stabilization Oversight Council] will be accountable to Congress and the US taxpayer, and will be staffed by market practitioners, economists and policy-makers. It will be responsible for developing policy and implementing decisions to address the crisis and stabilize the economy, and will incorporate input from the Treasury, the Federal Reserve, the FDIC and the White House. However, it will neither seek nor require consensus.
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